The ecological breeding method for amberjack not only addresses water quality and food supply challenges, but also offers a low-cost, simple, and highly profitable approach. This system integrates aquaculture with natural biological processes to create a sustainable environment for fish farming.
1. The construction of Dianchi Lake follows a general framework. The pond area is between 30 to 50 square meters, with walls approximately 0.8 to 1 meter high. The inlet and outlet are placed on opposite corners, and anti-escape measures are installed to prevent fish from leaving.
2. A layer of earthworms is cultivated in the pond. These earthworms are piled up to a width of 1 to 1.5 meters and a height of 20 to 25 centimeters, ideal for loamy soil rich in organic matter.
3. After the earthworms have matured, the water level in the ditch is maintained at 5 to 10 cm. Approximately 2.5 to 3 kilograms of earthworms per square meter are added, along with a 4 to 5 cm layer of fermented livestock manure on top as bait for quail. Every 3 to 4 days, the top layer of manure is removed and replaced. This process continues until about 14 days later, when the earthworm population has significantly increased. At this point, they can be harvested. These earthworms serve as a primary food source for yellowfin croakers during spring, summer, and autumn.
4. Stocking density is set at 50 fish per kilogram of wolfberry species, with 3 to 4 kilograms per square meter. The survival rate can reach up to 90%, and fish are ready for harvest when each individual weighs over 100 grams.
5. On the fourth day of mixed snail cultivation, 10 kilograms of snails are introduced per square meter into the Dianchi Lake. Water lotus or duckweed is also grown on the surface. These aquatic plants help improve water quality by increasing dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and provide a natural food source for early spring jaundice.
6. Feeding and management practices include:
(1) If feed is insufficient, supplementary feed such as fish scraps, quail meat, or commercial mixtures should be provided. When there is excess food, fish must be removed promptly to avoid waste.
(2) Microbes, diatoms, and fish residue in the soil are consumed by snails. As yellow clams grow larger, they can eat bigger snails, so snail populations should be adjusted based on feeding conditions.
(3) Water depth is maintained at around 10 cm, with a slight current to ensure good circulation. Regular tasks such as preventing escapes, controlling diseases, and protecting against predators are essential for successful management.
This integrated approach not only enhances fish production but also promotes environmental sustainability and economic efficiency.
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