The ecological breeding method for amberjack not only addresses challenges like water quality management and food supply, but also offers a low-cost, straightforward approach with high profitability. This system integrates aquaculture with vermiculture, creating a sustainable and self-regulating environment.
1. The construction of Dianchi Lake follows the general design principles outlined above. The pool area ranges from 30 to 50 square meters, with walls approximately 0.8 to 1 meter high. The inlet and outlet are positioned at opposite corners, and anti-escape measures are installed to prevent losses.
2. A layer of earthworms is piled up in the pool, typically 1 to 1.5 meters wide and 20 to 25 centimeters high, especially in loamy soils rich in organic matter. This setup provides an ideal habitat for earthworms to thrive.
3. Once the earthworms have been cultivated, the water level in the ditch is maintained at 5 to 10 cm. About 2.5 to 3 kilograms of earthworms per square meter of soil are placed on top, along with a layer of fermented livestock manure 4 to 5 cm thick. This serves as bait for quail. Every 3 to 4 days, the top layer of manure is removed and replaced. After about 14 days, the earthworm population increases significantly, making them ready for harvest. These earthworms can provide most of the bait needed for yellow buckwheat during spring, summer, and autumn.
4. The stocking density for Dianchi Lake is set at 50 fish per kilogram of wolfberry species, with 3 to 4 kg per square meter. The survival rate can reach up to 90%, and when each fish reaches a weight of over 100 grams, they are ready for harvest.
5. On the fourth day of mixed pond snail cultivation, 10 kg of snails are introduced per square meter of Dianchi Lake. Additionally, water lotus or duckweed is cultivated on the surface. These plants help improve water quality by increasing dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and also serve as a natural feed source for early spring jaundice.
6. Feeding and management practices are essential for success:
(1) When natural feed is insufficient, supplementary feeding with fish waste, quail meat, or mixed feed is necessary. If there's an excess of food, fish must be harvested promptly to avoid water pollution.
(2) Microorganisms, diatoms, and fish residue in the soil are important food sources for snails. As the yellow clams grow, they can consume larger snails, so it's crucial to adjust snail supplementation based on feeding conditions.
(3) Water depth should be kept around 10 cm, with a slight flow to maintain water quality. Routine tasks such as preventing escapes, disease control, and protecting against predators must also be carefully managed.
This integrated system ensures a balanced ecosystem, reduces dependency on external inputs, and maximizes yield while maintaining environmental sustainability.
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