How to prevent persimmon fruit falling?

The call from Liu Guoqing, a resident of Guocun Town in Shanyou County, reported that last year, his persimmon tree experienced severe fruit drop. Now, the tree is in the flowering stage, and he is unsure how to prevent further fruit loss. The reporter reached out to fruit tree experts for guidance. According to the technicians, fruit drop is a common issue in persimmon cultivation in recent years, and if left unchecked, it can lead to poor harvests. To address this, growers should implement effective preventive measures. During the flowering period, girdling should be performed during the early bloom phase and completed by the time the flowers are fully open. This technique is suitable for strong trees, vigorous branches, or large fruiting clusters. The girdling cut should be about 0.3–0.5 mm wide. After making the cut, wrap the area with a plastic strip to maintain moisture and promote healing. In summer, proper pruning helps thin out dense branches and remove unproductive ones, allowing more air and light to reach the inner parts of the tree. After regular pruning, many new buds will sprout, which can consume valuable nutrients. To reduce this, unwanted shoots should be removed before they lignify. For long branches that have enough space to grow, especially leggy ones, pinch back the tips at around 40 cm to encourage better growth. When managing flower buds, if a branch has 2–4 buds, retain the first two as the main fruiting buds and remove the rest. If there are more than five fruiting branches on a single mother branch, keep only the first three. Each fruiting branch should have three flowers in the middle, with the rest removed to ensure better resource allocation. During the peak fruiting period, it's important to enhance fertilizer and water management. Apply base fertilizer in early spring and again in autumn, but avoid applying top dressing too early. In May, when the tree’s terminal shoots are growing, and in July during fruit enlargement, two key fertilizer applications can significantly improve fruit set, increase flower bud numbers, and enhance their quality for the next season. Chemical regulation can also help. At full bloom and during the young fruit stage, spray a solution of 500 ppm gibberellin mixed with 1% urea. This improves the nutritional status of the flowers and fruits, prevents stalk splitting and fruit drop, enhances nutrient absorption, and stimulates ovary development, leading to higher fruit set. During the rapid fruit expansion phase, spraying a 0.3–0.5% foliar urea solution along with other trace elements can further reduce fruit drop. Pest control is also essential. Manually remove diseased or damaged fruits. In early June, spray 50% dichlorvos EC diluted 1000 times to eliminate pests. In mid-June, use a 1.5% Bordeaux mixture (diluted 400 times), or 65% mancozeb wettable powder (500–600 times), or a mix of 2.5% chlorfenapyr (1500 times) and 1.5% bacterial inhibitor (800 times). These treatments help prevent diseases like anthracnose, angular spot, and leaf spot. During peak larval periods in late May, late July, and early August, spray 20% chlorpyrifos EC diluted 2500 times, focusing on fruits, stems, and fruit buds. Repeat every 10–15 days, applying 2–3 times as needed.

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