During the breeding season, rams require careful management and proper care to ensure optimal reproductive performance. Maintaining a healthy body condition is crucial—rams should be of medium to high quality, strong in build, active, energetic, with a strong sexual drive, good fertility, and high-quality semen. Key management practices include:
1. Enhance Nutrition. During the breeding period, rams need a balanced diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. High-quality roughages such as alfalfa hay, clover hay, and green oat hay are ideal. For concentrates, oats, barley, corn, sorghum, peas, black beans, and soybean meal are excellent choices. Juicy feeds like carrots and sugar beets can also be included. The amount of feed depends on the ram's weight, level of activity, and frequency of semen collection. Typically, 1–1.5 kg of mixed concentrate is provided daily, while hay should be available at all times, especially in winter. Additionally, 10 grams of bone powder and 15–20 grams of salt should be added. If semen collection occurs frequently, 1–2 eggs can be given to support energy levels. However, overfeeding should be avoided, as it may reduce fertility and lead to poor breeding performance.
2. Encourage Grazing and Exercise. Along with feeding, grazing and moderate exercise should be increased to improve physical fitness and sperm motility. Grazing and exercise should be managed separately to avoid stress or aggression. When grazing, rams should be kept away from ewes as much as possible to prevent unwanted mating and fighting. Movement and grazing should follow a "three-fixed" routine: fixed time, fixed distance, and fixed speed, to maintain consistency and control.
3. Improve Management Practices. During the breeding season, rams can become more aggressive and restless, making safety a top priority during semen collection. Supervision is essential when they are grazing or exercising to prevent them from mixing with ewes. Ram pens must be clean, dry, spacious, and well-ventilated. Regular cleaning and disinfection are necessary to maintain hygiene and reduce disease risks. Proper management not only ensures the health of the rams but also improves breeding efficiency and overall flock productivity.
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