The optimal timing for wheat planting generally occurs when the average autumn temperature begins to steadily drop to between 18°C and 15°C. At this point, semi-winter and spring wheat varieties are typically sown. By taking advantage of favorable natural conditions like temperature and light during the autumn and early winter, farmers can help establish strong seedlings before the cold sets in. This not only supports safe overwintering but also improves tillering rates and grain weight. Currently, wheat planting is underway across the province, from north to south. Based on regional and variety-specific sowing requirements, here are some key recommendations for farmers to ensure successful wheat cultivation:
First, choose the right wheat variety based on your region and local conditions.
1. In the Huaibei region, early crops such as soybeans, sesame, and corn are usually harvested by mid to late September. For these areas, semi-winter wheat varieties are primarily recommended, with a moderate increase in winter wheat. This helps make full use of the remaining warmth and sunlight to achieve early planting and high yields. For fields where crops were harvested too late, such as those with hawthorn or cotton, spring wheat varieties are more suitable.
2. In the central and southern parts of Huaibei and along the Huai River, both semi-winter and spring varieties can be planted depending on the specific conditions. With improved weather this year, the area planted with semi-winter varieties can be slightly expanded.
3. In the Jianghuai region, spring wheat varieties are generally preferred due to local climate and soil conditions.
Second, adjust the sowing schedule according to the type of wheat. Different varieties have different ideal sowing windows. Weak winter types can be sown as early as late September, while mid-winter varieties are best planted between mid-October and late October. Spring varieties should be delayed until late October to early November. Early sowing within the appropriate window is often beneficial for high yield. However, certain spring varieties with good overall performance but poor frost resistance—like Zhengmai 9023 and Shumai 33—should be sown carefully to avoid early planting that could risk damage from early frosts.
Third, implement supporting farming techniques. In the early planting areas of Huaibei, precision and semi-precision seeding methods, along with nitrogen transfer technology, can be promoted. These techniques encourage efficient tillering before winter, leading to more spikes and larger ears. The "nitrogen shift" technique can also enhance protein content and improve the quality of the wheat. Along the Huai River and Yangtze River regions, it's important to adopt cost-effective practices such as drilling and cultivation techniques for rice harvesters, integrated pest management, and balanced fertilization. These measures help ensure timely sowing and emergence, even when time is tight, ultimately supporting better yield and quality.
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