1 Scope This standard outlines the technical requirements, testing methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation, and storage of organic fertilizers. It applies to organic fertilizers made from fermented or decomposed organic materials, such as animal manure, plant residues, and other by-products rich in organic matter. However, it does not apply to green manure, farmyard manure, or other organic fertilizers produced by farmers themselves. 2 Normative References The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this standard, form part of this standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions do not apply. However, parties who have reached an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to consider using the latest versions of these documents. For undated references, the latest version applies. - Preparation of Standard Solution for GB 601 Titration Analysis (Capacity Analysis) - GB/T 1250: Limit Value Representation and Determination Method - GB/T 6679: General Rules for Sampling Solid Chemical Products - GB 6682: Specifications and Test Methods for Analytical Laboratory Water - GB 8172: Agricultural Waste Control Standard for Towns - Determination of Free Water Content in GB 8576 Compound Fertilizer by Vacuum Oven Method - GB/T 15063: Compound Fertilizer (Compound Fertilizer) 3 Terminology Organic fertilizer refers to materials primarily derived from plants and/or animals, used to provide nutrients to crops when applied to soil. 4 Requirements 4.1 Appearance: Organic fertilizer should be brown or gray-brown, granular or powdery, free from mechanical impurities and malodor. 4.2 The technical indicators of organic fertilizers must meet the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1: Technical Indicators for Organic Fertilizers - Organic Matter Content (on dry basis), % ≥ 30 - Total Nutrient (N+P₂O₅+K₂O) Content (dry basis), % ≥ 4.0 - Moisture (free water) content, % ≤ 20 - pH 5.5 – 8.0 4.3 Heavy metal content, locust egg mortality, and E. coli value must comply with GB 8172. 5 Test Methods Water used in this standard must meet the third-tier water specifications of GB 6682. All reagents listed, unless otherwise stated, should be of analytical grade. Standard solutions are prepared according to GB 601. 5.1 Visual and Olfactory Inspection 5.2 Determination of Organic Matter Content – Potassium Dichromate Volumetric Method 5.2.1 Principle: A known amount of potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid solution is used to oxidize organic carbon under heating conditions. Excess potassium dichromate is titrated with ferrous sulfate solution, and the organic carbon content is calculated and multiplied by a coefficient of 1.724 to obtain the organic matter content. 5.2.2 Instruments and Equipment: Standard laboratory equipment. 5.2.3 Reagents and Preparation: Includes silica, concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium dichromate standard solutions, ferrous sulfate solution, and o-phenanthroline indicator. 5.2.4 Procedure: Weigh a sample, add potassium dichromate solution, heat, cool, and titrate with ferrous sulfate. Perform a blank test. 5.2.5 Expression of Results: Calculated based on the volume of FeSO₄ used, concentration, and dilution factor. 5.2.6 Allowable Difference: Defined for parallel results. 5.3 Determination of Total Nitrogen Content 5.3.1 Methodology: Digest sample with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, distill ammonia, and titrate with standard acid. 5.3.2 Reagents: Sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, and mixed indicator. 5.3.3 Instruments: Distillation apparatus. 5.3.4 Procedure: Digest, distill, and titrate. 5.3.5 Expression of Results: Calculated using standard acid volume and molar mass of nitrogen. 5.3.6 Allowable Difference: Defined for parallel results. 5.4 Determination of Total Phosphorus Content 5.4.1 Methodology: Digest sample, react with vanadic and molybdic acids, and measure absorbance via spectrophotometry. 5.4.2 Reagents: Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium vanadomolybdate reagent, and phosphorus standard solution. 5.4.3 Instruments: Spectrophotometer. 5.4.4 Procedure: Prepare sample, prepare standards, and draw calibration curve. 5.4.5 Expression of Results: Calculated using absorbance and linear regression. 5.4.6 Allowable Difference: Defined for parallel results. 5.5 Determination of Total Potassium Content 5.5.1 Methodology: Digest sample, measure potassium concentration via flame photometry. 5.5.2 Reagents: Sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, potassium standard stock solution, and working solution. 5.5.3 Instruments: Flame photometer. 5.5.4 Procedure: Digest, dilute, and measure. 5.5.5 Expression of Results: Calculated using instrument readings and linear regression. 5.5.6 Allowable Difference: Defined for parallel results. 5.6 Determination of Moisture Content Use the vacuum oven method as per GB 8576. Measure moisture content of fresh and dried samples. 5.7 Determination of pH Measure pH after equilibrating the sample in water using a pH meter. 5.8 Heavy Metal Content, Maggot Mortality, and E. coli Values Follow GB 8172 for determination. 6 Inspection Rules 6.1 Quality indicators are evaluated using the "limit value comparison method" of GB/T 1250. 6.2 Manufacturers must ensure all products meet the standard and provide quality certificates. 6.3 Users may inspect products according to this standard. 6.4 If one result fails, retesting is required. 6.5 Sampling: Use Table 2 for bagged products; follow GB/T 6679 for bulk products. 6.6 Dispute resolution follows administrative measures for product quality arbitration. 7 Packaging, Labeling, Transport, and Storage 7.1 Organic fertilizers are packed in plastic woven bags or polyethylene-lined bags. Net weights include 50 kg, 40 kg, and 25 kg. 7.2 Packaging must indicate product name, trademark, organic matter content, total nutrients, net weight, standard number, and company details. 7.3 Store in cool, dry places. Protect during transport from moisture, sunlight, and damage.
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