1. Sweet and sour liquid trapping method. A mixture is prepared by combining syrup, vinegar, alcohol, dichlorvos, and water in the ratio of 2:3:1:4:90. This solution is then soaked into gauze or cotton balls, squeezed slightly, and placed on the surface of the culture medium. The pests are attracted by the sweet and sour smell, crawl onto the treated cloth or cotton, and get poisoned. Alternatively, a mixture of vinegar, sugar, dichlorvos, and fried bran can be made in the ratio of 1:5:10:84 and sprinkled around the mushroom bed and the surface of the culture material to trap and kill the pests.
2. Light trapping method. Taking advantage of insects' phototaxis, a bright bulb is installed in the mushroom house, and a container of water is placed beneath it with a few drops of kerosene added. This method effectively traps and kills pests such as mushroom mosquitoes, fruit flies, black-bellied fruit flies, and cockroaches. Additionally, spraying a transparent plastic film inside the mushroom house 1–2 times daily, or even up to 3–4 times, can help eliminate insects that are present inside the structure.
3. Contact method. When cultivating medlar, spraying a 1%–2% detergent powder solution can effectively kill mushroom flies and aphids when these pests appear on the surface of the culture material.
4. Insecticide method. When preparing the spices, adding 0.5% salt and 3% ash can significantly help in deworming and disease prevention. Additionally, insecticides like mushroom fly, mushroom grave, and nematodes can be controlled using pyrethrum (1g/m²) mixed with plant ash. This mixture should be evenly spread over the surface of the culture medium and left for 2–3 days. This not only prevents insects but also helps prevent diseases, offering excellent results.
These methods provide practical and eco-friendly ways to manage pests in mushroom cultivation. They are easy to implement, cost-effective, and suitable for both small-scale and large-scale operations. By combining different strategies, growers can achieve better pest control while maintaining the health of their crops.
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