Experiment on the Application of Microecological Preparations, Chinese Herbs, and Antibiotics in the Rearing of Broilers in Penaeus vannamei

Microecological preparations play a vital role in maintaining and restoring the intestinal microecological balance in animals. They enhance nutrient absorption, boost immune function, and contribute to overall health. Additionally, these preparations help purify water quality, maintain a stable aquatic environment, and prevent diseases. Compared to antibiotics, they are safer, have fewer side effects, do not leave residues, and are environmentally friendly. When combined with targeted antibiotics, they offer rapid and effective treatment. This approach was successfully applied in the broodstock rearing of *Penaeus vannamei*, yielding excellent results. The test materials included probiotics from Bozhou State Matter Technology Institute—specifically “Gushing Hair Dew” and “Yi Water.” Medications used were a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation from Shengzhou Wangsheng Institute of Materials Technology, as well as streptomycin and oxytetracycline produced by North China Pharmaceutical Factory. The broodstock were local *Penaeus vannamei* from Zhanjiang, raised at the East Island Ginseng Shrimp Plant. The culture water was natural seawater from the eastern island area, and feed consisted of locally caught wenyu and oysters. In the first batch of South American white shrimp broodstock, the holding process began on November 10, 2006. Broodstock were fed twice daily at 5% of their body weight. Water was changed once a day, with 30–40 cm of water replaced each time. After 10 days, feeding decreased significantly, and symptoms such as floating, redness, red legs, bloating, and white spots appeared. Mortality reached 10–15%. Two treatment methods were tested: one combining microecological agents, traditional Chinese medicine, and antibiotics, and the other using only antibiotics. The comprehensive treatment involved lowering the water level to 30 cm, bathing the broodstock in 10 ppm traditional Chinese medicine and 2 ppm streptomycin for 30 minutes, then raising the water level to 1.5 m and repeating the bath every two days. Feed was treated with 4% traditional Chinese medicine, 0.5% streptomycin, 2% vitamin C, and 0.5% biological attractant mixed with seaweed powder. Probiotics were maintained at 5 ppm daily. Within three days, food intake improved, and mortality dropped to 2%. After seven days, conditions normalized. Probiotics and feed were reduced gradually until the end of the rearing period. In contrast, the antibiotic-only group showed poor results, with an 11% mortality rate after seven days of treatment. For the second batch, the pond was disinfected with 100 ppm bleach for two days, followed by 20 ppm potassium permanganate and gas stone disinfection. Seawater was introduced to a depth of 50 cm and treated with 2 ppm oxytetracycline before adding 3 ppm microecological agents. Broodstock were stocked on December 1, 2006, at a density of 10 per square meter. Daily water changes, feed treatments, and medicinal baths were implemented. A control group of 300 broodstock showed similar symptoms and higher mortality, confirming the effectiveness of the combined approach. After 20 days, the second batch remained healthy, while the control group exhibited disease signs. Both batches were transported to Tangshan on February 5, 2007, with strong, healthy broodstock and a 100% survival rate. The results demonstrate that combining microecological agents, traditional Chinese medicine, and antibiotics is both effective and safe for managing diseases in shrimp broodstock. Unlike antibiotics alone, this integrated method enhances immunity, reduces toxicity, and improves overall performance. These findings highlight the importance of adopting eco-friendly and scientifically sound practices in aquaculture.

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