In winter, especially in the northern regions like Northeast China, it's important to choose a nursery with good ventilation and insulation. A solar greenhouse that receives ample sunlight is ideal for warming the area. A density of about 300 blocks per square meter is recommended. Based on the user’s specific needs, the size of the nursery can be determined accordingly.
First, Prepare the Nursery Area
Before starting the nursery, users can choose from several methods based on their preferences and available resources.
1. One option is to prepare the ground directly inside the greenhouse. The ground should be leveled, with widths of either 1.2 meters or 0.6 meters, depending on the user’s convenience. This allows easy access to the center from the edges. The length can be adjusted according to the space available. After leveling, you can build a 5 cm high embankment using bricks or wood, then cover the bottom with plastic or cold-resistant film to prevent damage. Then fill it with the nutrient blocks.
2. Another method is to use a nursery box. These boxes can be old or new, and their size can be customized based on personal preference. Cover the box with plastic film, ensuring it extends 2–4 cm above the edge. To help raise the temperature, it’s better if the box is empty. If not, make sure the film remains intact and undamaged.
Second, Place the Nutrient Blocks
Once the nursery is prepared, place the nutrient blocks with spacing of approximately 1 cm between each block, both vertically and horizontally, whether on the ground or in the box.
Third, Water and Swell the Blocks
After placing the nutrient blocks, they need to be watered and allowed to swell. Use a fine mist nozzle for watering, as smaller holes provide better coverage. Alternatively, you can use a funnel to pour water directly into the gaps between the blocks. When using a watering can, apply water in small amounts. For the funnel method, submerge the blocks completely in water until the base absorbs all the moisture. Then, carefully pour water between the blocks to reach the top. Once fully swollen, use a thin object like an iron needle or toothpick to check for any hard spots. If found, add more water until the block softens completely. If there is excess water after swelling, puncture the film to let it drain underground.
Once fully expanded, the nutrient blocks should maintain their shape, and the planting holes should be consistent in depth. If the holes become distorted during watering, gently press them back to their original size using a finger or small stick.
Fourth, Cover with Soil
When sowing, plant one or a few seeds in each nutrient cavity based on your needs. Cover the seeds with soil from the box, and the layer should be 2–3 times the diameter of the seed.
Important Tips During Use
1. Avoid using sudden or excessive water when watering, as this may wash away the nutrient blocks.
2. Do not move the nutrient blocks within two days after watering.
3. It's best to use sterilized soil inside the box when covering the seeds to prevent pests and diseases from entering the greenhouse.
4. Never fill the gaps between the blocks with regular soil, as this can introduce disease or cause root issues. It also reduces oxygen availability for young plants.
5. Monitor the indoor temperature carefully, as early-stage seedlings are sensitive to temperature changes. Too high or too low can harm growth.
6. After the seedlings emerge, avoid applying any chemicals or fertilizers. However, you may use certain growth regulators to improve fruit setting or shorten the growing period, depending on your preference.
8. When transplanting, place the seedlings along with the soil into the planting hole and water them properly.
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