In the winter, when planting in northern regions, it's essential to choose a nursery with good ventilation and heat retention, especially in the northeast, where solar greenhouses that allow sunlight to warm the area are ideal. A density of around 300 blocks per square meter is recommended, and the size of the nursery should be determined based on the user's specific needs and available space.
Preparation of the Nursery
Before starting the nursery, users can choose from several methods depending on their preferences and conditions.
1. One option is to prepare the ground directly inside the greenhouse. Level the land, and create beds that are either 1.2 meters or 0.6 meters wide, depending on what’s more convenient for the user. The length can be adjusted according to the available space. After shaping the bed, build a small embankment about 5 cm high using bricks or wood, then lay a plastic or cold-resistant film underneath to prevent water loss and improve insulation. This setup helps retain moisture and warmth for the seedlings.
2. Alternatively, users can use nursery boxes. These can be new or old, and their size can vary based on personal preference. Cover the box with a plastic sheet, ensuring it extends 2–4 cm above the edges. For better temperature control, it’s best to leave the box empty if possible. This allows for better heat retention and easier management of the growing environment.
Placing the Nutrient Blocks
Once the nursery is ready, arrange the nutrient blocks. It’s best to place them with a 1 cm gap between each block both vertically and horizontally, whether on the ground or in the nursery box. This spacing ensures proper air circulation and root development.
Watering and Swelling the Blocks
After placing the nutrient blocks, they need to be watered to swell. Use a fine mist nozzle for watering, as finer nozzles help distribute water evenly without damaging the blocks. You can also use a funnel to fill the gaps between the blocks. Water in small amounts to avoid over-saturation. When using a funnel, submerge the blocks completely until they absorb all the water, then pour water into the gaps until it reaches the top of the blocks. Once fully expanded, use a thin object like an iron needle or toothpick to check for any hard cores. If found, continue adding water until the block softens completely. Any excess water should be drained by puncturing the film and allowing it to seep underground.
After full expansion, the blocks should maintain their shape, and the seeding holes should be consistent. If the holes become too deep during watering, gently press them back to their original size using your finger or a small stick.
Covering the Seeds
When sowing seeds, plant 1 or more seeds in each nutrient cavity, depending on your preference. Cover the seeds with soil from the nursery box, and ensure the cover is 2–3 times the diameter of the seed. This helps protect the seeds while allowing proper germination.
Important Tips During Use
1. Avoid using large amounts of water or sudden irrigation, as this can wash away the nutrients from the blocks.
2. Do not move the blocks within two days after watering to allow the roots to settle properly.
3. It’s best to use sterilized soil or covered soil to prevent pests and diseases from affecting the young plants.
4. Never fill the gaps between blocks with regular soil, as it may introduce diseases and cause root problems. It can also lead to excessive root growth (string rooting) and reduce oxygen availability for the seedlings.
5. Control the indoor temperature carefully, as young seedlings are sensitive to extreme temperatures. Too much heat or cold can harm their development.
6. Avoid applying any chemicals or fertilizers once the seedlings have emerged. However, you may use growth-promoting agents to increase fruit setting and speed up maturity, if desired.
8. When transplanting, place the seedlings into the planting hole together with the soil, and water them carefully to ensure a smooth transition.
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