To ensure successful crab farming, it is essential to set up appropriate rearing environments. For a **soil pool**, an area of 3 to 5 acres is recommended. The water level should be maintained above 1.3 meters, with no leakage and easy drainage. The silt depth should not exceed 12 cm. Ten days before introducing crabs, the pond should be treated with quicklime and then filled with water one week later. A plastic canopy can also be installed as described earlier to provide additional protection.
For a **cement pool**, the size should range from 75 to 150 square meters, with a depth of over 1.2 meters for efficient water storage. The bottom should be covered with fine sand, 8 to 12 cm thick. After disinfection, the pool should be soaked in water for 10 days before use. Then, a plastic greenhouse can be constructed following similar conditions to maintain temperature and humidity.
In **indoor settings**, there’s no need for a plastic greenhouse. Instead, empty buildings can be used to construct a cement pool on the ground. The walls should be smooth and leak-proof, suitable for short-term maintenance. The area typically ranges from 10 to 30 square meters.
**High-density earthen ponds** are ideal for large-scale farming, with a stocking density of 500–700 kg per mu. Aquatic plants should occupy 1/3 to 2/5 of the water surface to provide shelter for crabs and help them avoid predators while feeding.
In **cement pools**, the recommended stocking density is 1.5 to 2 kg per square meter. Before introducing crabs, aquatic plants like water peanuts should be placed in the pond, covering about 1/3 of the water area to serve as habitat and food source.
For **indoor setups**, the stocking density is higher, around 3 to 5 kg per square meter.
During winter, **plastic greenhouses** can be used to keep the water temperature above 15°C for most of the season, ensuring crabs grow at an optimal rate. In the early feeding stage, the diet should focus on plant-based foods such as soaked or cooked wheat, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and vegetables. The daily feeding amount should be approximately 5% to 8% of the crab's body weight. Feeding should occur once in the afternoon, with 30% of the feed given between 10 a.m. and 11 a.m., and the remaining 70% between 4 p.m. and 5 p.m.
As crabs grow, the diet should gradually increase in animal protein content. Small fish, shrimp, snail meat, and commercial feed can be introduced in moderation during the later stages.
**Greenhouse management** is crucial for maintaining stable water temperature. Ensure that the plastic film and pool edges are well sealed, and avoid leaving the greenhouse door open for extended periods. If the film is damaged, repair it immediately. During warm weather, change 1/5 to 1/3 of the water every 1 to 3 days, preferably in the afternoon.
For **indoor maintenance**, ventilation is important, and the environment should be kept humid by spraying fish pond water 3 to 4 times a day.
**Disease prevention** involves mixing antibiotics into the feed every 1 to 2 weeks. Alternatively, the feed can be soaked in a liquid solution and fed along with a small amount of the residual liquid to enhance effectiveness.
By following these guidelines, farmers can create a healthy and productive environment for raising crabs throughout the year.
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