Winter crab fattening methods and techniques

To ensure optimal conditions for crab farming, several types of facilities can be used depending on the scale and environment. A **soil pool** should cover an area of 3 to 5 acres, with a water level maintained above 1.3 meters. It must be non-leaking, have convenient drainage, and have silt depth no more than 12 cm. Ten days before crabs are introduced, the pond should be cleaned with quicklime, and then filled with water one week later. A plastic canopy can also be installed as previously described to regulate temperature and protect the crabs. A **cement pool** should be between 75 to 150 square meters in size, with a depth of over 1.2 meters, making it easy to manage and drain. The bottom should be covered with 8 to 12 cm of fine sand. After disinfection, the pool should be soaked in water for 10 days before use. A plastic greenhouse can then be constructed according to similar guidelines to maintain a stable environment. For **indoor farming**, there's no need for a plastic greenhouse. Instead, unused buildings can be converted into cement pools with smooth, leak-proof walls. These are suitable for short-term maintenance and typically range from 10 to 30 square meters. This method is ideal for small-scale or controlled environments. In **high-density earthen ponds**, a stocking rate of 500–700 kg per mu (approximately 667 square meters) is recommended. To provide shelter and feeding areas, aquatic plants should occupy 1/3 to 2/5 of the water surface. This helps crabs avoid predators and find food easily. In **cement pools**, the stocking density should be around 1.5 to 2 kg per square meter. Before introducing crabs, aquatic plants like water peanuts should be placed in the pond, covering about 1/3 of the water area to serve as habitat and feeding zones. For **indoor setups**, the stocking density is higher, ranging from 3 to 5 kg per square meter. This requires careful monitoring of water quality and temperature. During **winter feeding**, greenhouses equipped with plastic structures can maintain water temperatures above 15°C for most of the season, ensuring crabs grow properly. In the early feeding stage, plant-based foods such as soaked or cooked wheat, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and vegetables should dominate the diet. Feed should be given once daily in the afternoon, with 30% of the amount provided between 10 a.m. and 11 a.m., and the remaining 70% between 4 p.m. and 5 p.m. The daily feeding amount should be approximately 5% to 8% of the crabs' total weight. As crabs grow, the diet should gradually include more animal protein. Small fish, shrimp, snail meat, and compound feed can be added in appropriate amounts to support their development. **Greenhouse management** is crucial for maintaining stable conditions. Ensure that the plastic film is well-sealed and that the pool sides are properly maintained. Avoid leaving the greenhouse door open for long periods or opening it too frequently. If the film gets damaged, repair it immediately. When the weather is warm, change 1/5 to 1/3 of the water every 1 to 3 days, preferably in the afternoon. For **indoor maintenance**, in addition to proper ventilation, spray the floor with fish pond water 3 to 4 times a day to maintain humidity. This helps create a more favorable environment for the crabs. **Disease prevention** involves mixing antibiotics into the feed every 1 to 2 weeks. Alternatively, the feed can be soaked in a liquid solution and fed along with a small amount of residual liquid. This helps reduce the risk of infections and keeps the crabs healthy throughout the growth cycle.

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