In the spring greenhouse, after the eggplant planting stage, cultivating strong seedlings is crucial for achieving early maturity and high yield. Compared to traditional seedling methods, plug seedlings offer several advantages, such as stronger growth, fewer diseases, shorter production time, better space efficiency, higher uniformity, and easier transportation, which makes them popular among vegetable farmers. Here’s a detailed description of the process:
Eggplant plug seedlings are typically grown in greenhouses for 60 to 70 days. Growers usually use 50- or 72-cell trays. The growing medium is made by mixing vermiculite, chicken manure, cow manure, and peat in a ratio of 2:1:1:1 or 1:1:0.5:0.5, with a small amount of slow-release fertilizer added. The peat should be crushed before use. After preparing the mix, it is placed into the trays, making sure not to overfill them to prevent water runoff during irrigation.
To prepare the seeds, they are soaked in warm water at 50°C to 55°C for 20 hours at room temperature. After soaking, the seeds are rinsed with clean water, and the used water is filtered and saved for later use.
Before sowing, the seedling trays are filled with the prepared medium. Each cell is then lightly pressed to create a small hole. One or two seeds are placed in each cell, followed by a thin layer of substrate on top, level with the tray. A plastic film is then placed over the tray to retain moisture and maintain warmth. The ideal temperature for germination is between 25°C and 30°C. Once more than 50% of the seeds have emerged, the plastic film is removed, and the temperature is adjusted to 22°C to 25°C to promote healthy growth.
It's important to monitor the moisture levels of the substrate regularly. When the surface starts to turn white, it's time to water. Additionally, depending on the nutrient content of the medium and the growth stage of the seedlings, a foliar spray can be applied. A solution of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 0.2% urea is often used to provide essential nutrients and support robust development.
By following these steps, growers can ensure that their eggplant plug seedlings are strong, healthy, and ready for transplanting, ultimately leading to a successful harvest.
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