Reflective film is a specialized PVC-based material that utilizes optical principles to return light directly back to its source. It consists of multiple layers, including a weather-resistant thin film layer, a layer of tiny glass beads, a focusing layer, a reflective layer, an adhesive layer, and a release liner. These components work together to ensure high visibility and durability under various environmental conditions.
When evaluating the quality of reflective film, several factors are considered: the type of material used, the reflectivity of the glass beads, the beading rate, the number of non-functional (dead) beads, color uniformity, resistance to weathering, and the adhesion strength of the adhesive layer. These characteristics determine the performance and longevity of the film in real-world applications.
Reflective films are generally categorized into different grades, such as diamond grade, high-strength grade, engineering grade, and economy grade. Each grade is designed for specific applications based on brightness, durability, and cost-effectiveness.
Engineering-grade reflective film is classified as the fourth-grade reflective material according to the JT-T279-1995 standard issued by China's Ministry of Communications. This type of film has been widely used since the 1950s for traffic signs and is known for its long-term durability. It is typically suitable for low-traffic areas or temporary signage on primary, secondary, tertiary, and fourth-class roads. Engineering-grade films are available in pressure-sensitive and heat-activated types, allowing for versatile use with screen-printed patterns.
The typical lifespan of engineering-grade reflective film ranges from 3 to 7 years, depending on the manufacturer. Some offer 7-year versions with at least 50% of the original brightness retained after that period, while others provide shorter options like 3 or 5 years. It is commonly applied to aluminum or steel base plates and performs best within an operating temperature range of 18°C to 28°C.
High-strength grade reflective film falls under the third-grade classification of the same standard. It offers significantly higher brightness—three times that of engineering-grade film—and is ideal for use on expressways and high-traffic roads. Even in bright environments or at large angles, it ensures clear visibility, enhancing driver safety. This film is also available in pressure-sensitive and thermal types, supporting screen printing for custom designs.
With a lifespan of around 10 years, high-strength reflective film maintains at least 80% of its initial brightness under normal conditions. It is suitable for guide signs, warning signs, and other traffic-related signage, and can be applied to aluminum or steel surfaces. Its optimal performance is achieved within the same temperature range of 18°C to 28°C.
Diamond-grade reflective film represents the highest level of performance, falling under the first and second-grade classifications in the JT-T279-1995 standard. Unlike traditional glass bead technology, it uses advanced microcube corner reflector technology. Each square centimeter contains over 930 microcubes, which create internal total reflection without the need for a metal reflective layer. This design results in a brightness level more than six times that of engineering-grade film and three times that of high-strength film.
Diamond-grade reflective film is ideal for high-speed highways and urban road signs, where maximum visibility is critical. It maintains at least 50% of its initial brightness after 10 years of normal use. Like other types, it supports screen printing for customized graphics and is compatible with aluminum or steel base plates. It operates effectively within a temperature range of 18°C to 28°C, making it a reliable choice for demanding environments.
Laptop Veterinary Ultrasound Diagnostic Equipment
Veterinary ultrasound machine is widely used in pet hospitals, scientific research and experimental institutions, farms, according to the animal size and different parts of the examination, you can choose the corresponding model of the machine and probe, to meet a variety of customer needs.
handheld ultrasound machine,handheld ultrasound devices,handheld portable ultrasound machine,veterinary handheld ultrasound
Sichuan Krayson Electronic Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.sckrayson.com