"Jihua Fish" or "Jupei Fish," commonly known as fish and fish bones, are native to the rivers and lakes in the plains of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. These fish are typically found in natural water bodies, where second-instar individuals can reach up to 250 grams, with some growing as large as 500 grams. However, over time, factors such as overfishing and water pollution have led to a sharp decline in their natural populations. In recent years, provinces like Jiangsu and Zhejiang have successfully carried out artificial breeding, seedling cultivation, and commercial farming experiments for these fish.
The Jihua Fish is highly valued for its attractive appearance, omnivorous feeding habits, wide adaptability, high yield, and delicious meat, which makes it popular in the market. Currently, the price ranges from 15 to 20 yuan per 500 grams. Despite these advantages, the fish has some drawbacks, including its aggressive nature, low tolerance for low oxygen levels, and difficulty adapting to pond environments.
For pond farming, the main steps include: first, selecting a well-irrigated and drained pond, and using quicklime (200 kg per mu) to disinfect the water before stocking. Second, stocking fish species: in early spring, about 1,500 juvenile fish bones per acre, along with 120 carp (50 grams each), 100 white bream (300 grams each), and other compatible species like turtles, clams, and grass carp. Third, feeding: mainly using artificial feed, supplemented with plankton cultivation. Feed twice daily at a rate of 1% to 2% of body weight, while combining organic and inorganic fertilizers to promote plankton growth. Fourth, maintaining water quality: applying lime (40 kg per month) during the growing season to keep the pH between 7.2 and 7.8, and using various aeration methods to ensure good water conditions.
In addition, for secondary ponds, select clean, oxygen-rich water sources, and stock around 200-300 fish bones per acre. Maintain good water quality and dissolved oxygen levels throughout the year, allowing for harvest by the end of the season. This approach ensures sustainable and profitable farming of this valuable fish species.
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