Heavy-duty scissors and light summer shearing are often overlooked by some fruit growers who focus only on plastic pruning, neglecting proper seasonal management. As a result, trees may appear full of branches, but the canopy is dense, leading to wasted nutrients, poor flowering, and weak growth. This highlights the need for a shift in mindset—emphasizing both winter pruning and active management during the growing season to ensure healthy tree development and better yields.
Proper pruning techniques are crucial, especially in young orchards where poor light conditions can hinder flowering. It’s important to apply eight key technologies that improve air circulation and encourage balanced growth. Pruning should be timely and moderate, avoiding excessive cuts that could stimulate unwanted vegetative growth or weaken the tree. The goal is to promote early flowering and higher fruit production without damaging the tree's overall health.
Over-pruning with short cuts can cause problems, particularly when uniaxial branches are not properly managed. Some growers use a "push wool" method, which involves cutting fruit-bearing branches instead of controlling vegetative growth. This approach can disrupt the tree’s natural nutrient distribution, leading to excessive branching and difficulty in maintaining tree vigor. Instead, pruning should be done carefully—thinning out large and small branches, keeping the canopy open, and reducing branch density to slow growth and promote better fruiting.
Bald spots at the back of the tree often occur after heavy reshaping, leaving areas without new growth and creating hollow spaces inside. To address this, it's essential to open up the angles of branches and encourage new shoots on bare areas. By pinching back new growth and removing unwanted branches, you can fill in these gaps and restore a more uniform structure, leading to improved fruiting potential.
Some trees have too many sprigs while others have too few, creating an uneven balance. During summer pruning, the principle of “not too dense, but just right†should guide the process. Branches on either side should be well-proportioned, with appropriate spacing. Excess branches, especially those of similar age or located on top, should be removed to maintain a clear structure. Increasing the distance between branches on the back helps preserve the tree’s shape and supports long-term productivity.
Many growers overlook disease and pest prevention, relying instead on reactive measures. A proactive approach is essential—adhering to the “prevention first, integrated control†strategy. From spring to all growth stages, regular monitoring and timely treatment are necessary to create a favorable environment for high-quality fruit production. By prioritizing prevention, farmers can reduce losses and ensure healthier, more productive orchards in the long run.
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