The core of the mechanized rice loosening and transplanting technology lies in a streamlined, efficient process that aligns with traditional agronomic principles. It starts with precise sowing for direct dry seeding, following density standards suitable for conventional transplanting. Once the seedlings reach the appropriate age—typically 25 to 30 days with three to five tillers—a specialized loosening machine is used to lift and loosen the roots. This is followed by timely irrigation and standard rice management practices.
This innovative technique integrates rice cultivation, transportation, and planting into a fully mechanized system. The production process includes several key steps:
(a) Early broadcasting using a small seeder. Rice is directly sown in the field with spacing of 25–27 cm between rows and 15 cm within rows. The sowing depth is kept at 2–3 cm, with a seeding rate of 1.5–2 kg per mu. Each hole should contain 2–3 grains, depending on the season—either dry seeds or pre-germinated seeds are used as appropriate.
(b) Timely loosening (transplanting). When the direct-seeded seedlings reach the transplanting stage, a special seedling-raising device is employed to lift and loosen the roots. The primary goal of this step is to aerate the soil, improve soil structure, and promote better root development. During the process, some secondary roots are cut, which encourages the growth of new, stronger roots and supports robust stem and leaf development.
(c) Seedling inspection and supplementary planting. This ensures uniform plant density and healthy growth.
(d) Timely irrigation and fertilization. After harvesting the seedlings, irrigation should be done within 2–3 hours, and a moderate amount of green manure is added to enrich the soil.
(e) Standard rice management. All other agronomic practices follow traditional methods.
This method eliminates the need for raising seedlings in nurseries, allowing farmers to directly sow rice in the field. It offers greater flexibility in choosing plant spacing and density according to agronomic needs, laying a solid foundation for healthy rice growth. By adopting this mechanized approach, labor-intensive tasks such as lifting, transporting, and planting seedlings are significantly reduced, saving time, labor, and costs while increasing efficiency. Overall, it represents a major advancement in modern rice farming.
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