The core measures of the mechanized rice loosening and transplanting technology involve sowing rice directly in the field under conventional agronomic density requirements. Once the seedlings reach the age suitable for transplanting, a loosening machine is used to loosen the roots, followed by timely irrigation and standard rice management practices. This innovative method integrates rice seeding, transportation, and transplanting into a fully mechanized system, significantly improving efficiency and reducing labor.
The specific production process includes:
(a) Early broadcasting using specialized machinery. A small seeder is employed to sow rice seeds directly in the field with precise spacing—25–27 cm between rows and 15 cm between plants. The sowing depth is maintained at 2–3 cm, with a seeding rate of 1.5–2 kg per mu. Each hole is controlled to contain 2–3 grains, depending on the season, either dry or pre-germinated seeds are used. This ensures optimal germination and growth conditions for the next stage.
(b) Timely loosening (transplanting). When the direct-seeded seedlings grow to about 25–30 days old (with 3–5 tillers), they are ready for transplanting. A special seedling raising tool is used to lift and loosen the roots. The main objectives of this step are to aerate the soil, improve soil structure, and cut some secondary roots, which encourages the development of stronger new roots and promotes robust stem and leaf growth.
(c) Inspect and supplement seedlings to ensure uniform stand.
(d) Timely irrigation and fertilization. After harvesting the seedlings, watering should be done within 2–3 hours, along with the application of green manure to enhance soil fertility.
(e) Follow standard rice cultivation practices.
This method eliminates the need for traditional seedling raising in nurseries, allowing for direct field sowing with adjustable spacing and density based on agronomic needs. It also introduces key mechanization steps that replace manual lifting, transporting, and planting, saving time, labor, and costs while boosting productivity. Overall, it represents a modern, efficient, and sustainable approach to rice cultivation.
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