At present, it is the season of potato planting. It is imperative to know the latitude, altitude, and climatic conditions of potato stems in detail when buying and planting varieties, and to correctly select the origin and variety according to the introduction rules of potatoes. Specifically, pay attention to the following five aspects:
First, the latitude and altitude tests show that the introduction from high altitude to low altitude and high latitude to low latitude is easy to succeed. The reason is that the high altitude and high latitude potato growth during the lower temperature, potato stem virus infection is lighter, degenerate slowly, led to low altitude, low latitude planting, generally performed better, a higher success rate.
2. Introduction of climatic conditions at long-distance places depends on whether the importing place and the producing place are close to each other in terms of climatic conditions. That is, whether the climates of the two places are similar in the same season or whether the climates of the two places are similar in different seasons, such as the winter in the south and the summer in the north. There are similarities, the temperature is close, and the rainfall is also similar. In this way, the introduction of varieties is easy to succeed.
Third, the potato during the growing period is hi light and sensitive to light. If it is introduced from the long sunshine region to the short-day sunshine region, it often does not bloom, but it does not have much impact on the growth of underground tubers; and short-day varieties introduced into the long sunshine region sometimes do not form potatoes. The temperature has a great influence on the growth of potatoes, especially in the potato period. If the soil temperature exceeds 25°C, tubers will basically stop growing. Therefore, the introduction must pay attention to the length of the breeding period of the species, especially in the province introduced from the north, we must introduce early maturing, early maturing varieties, and strive to harvest before the temperature rise.
Fourth, the selection of virus-free stem virus disease is the main cause of degradation of potato varieties, it destroys the plant's intrinsic normal function, even if other growth conditions have been met, the plant still can not grow well, will inevitably severely reduce production. The virus-free potato plants have developed root systems, strong absorptive capacity, and thick stems and leaves, which generally increase production by more than 30%.
To introduce the early generation of virus-free seed potatoes: early seedlings were planted for a short period of time after being detoxified, and there was less chance of re-infecting the virus. The incidence was very low after planting, and it was more robust and yield-enhancing than the late-generation virus-free seed potatoes. In order to produce the commodity potato and the processing potato for the purpose of planting, the secondary or tertiary detoxified potato is generally used. When introducing or purchasing seed, it is necessary to select an official seed business unit and scientific research department. At the same time, ask the detoxification seed potato base where the purchased seed potatoes are produced, whether there is a “seed certificate†or “seed quarantine certificateâ€.
Fifth, pay attention to the pilot planting demonstration in the same climate type area, introduced in a relatively close area, generally can be used directly. However, the type of climate is not the same. From a place farther away, the introduced new variety must undergo a trial planting process. After trial planting, it is actually superior to the variety planted in the field in terms of yield, quality, and resistance, and the planting area is expanded.
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