Sprouts use the seeds of plants or other vegetative organs to grow edible shoots, sprouts, buds, shoots, or young shoots directly in dark or light conditions. It has been emerging as pollution-free in recent years. Eat safe and healthy vegetables. Now introduce the pea sprouts, radish seedlings, mung bean sprouts, seed buds and other common species of sprouts of soil-free nutrient solution production technology. The selection of production sites for sprout vegetable production requires stricter conditions for temperature, humidity, light, and water sources. General requirements of the germination room 20-25 °C, cultivation room 16-25 °C; green product light intensity control in the 3-4 million lux below, semi-softening product does not exceed 10,000 lux; cultivation room should have ventilation facilities to keep indoor The air is fresh; there must also be a water storage and drainage system. In general, the Guangdong region is very hot in summer and should choose to produce semi-softened products with relatively thin stalks, less leaves, and lighter shades in houses with low light and easy cooling. The soil-free and nutrient-free liquid cultures for preparing sprouts for production facilities mostly use seedling trays and multi-layers. Therefore, it is very important to choose the proper cultivation frame, cultivation container and cultivation substrate. The cultivation frame is mainly used for placing multi-layer seedling trays in the cultivation room, and the three-dimensional cultivation is carried out to increase space utilization. For the convenience of management, the general height 160-210 cm, each shelf 4-5 layer seedlings; frame length 150 cm, width 60 cm, each layer placed 6 seedling plate; cultivation containers are generally more light plastic vegetables seedlings Plate, seedling disc size is 6223.63-5 cm; the cultivation matrix should use paper, white cotton, perlite, etc. that are clean, non-toxic, light in weight, strong in water-absorption and water retention, and easy to handle residue after use; pots, cylinders, bathtubs Or soaking seedlings such as cement pools and seedling tray cleaning containers should be added according to the scale of production. Cultivation and Management 1. The quality of seeds soaked is closely related to the uniformity of growth, commodity rate, and yield of the sprouts. Seeds used for sprout cultivation generally require high purity and cleanliness, high germination rates, and full kernels. Seed cleaning should be carried out before sowing, removing insects, disfigurement, deformity, rot, pods, granules, and germinated seeds. In order to promote seed germination, some seeds need to be soaked after washing. Generally, the seeds are washed with clean water of 20-30°C for 2-3 times, and the cultivars have different cultivars, and the soaking time is also different. Usually peas, citrons soaked for 24 hours, radish soaked for 6-8 hours. After soaking, the seeds are washed for 2-3 times and the excess water is drained. Second, before sowing and sowing, the plastic seedling plate is first disinfected with lime water or bleaching powder, and then rinsed with clean water. Then a layer of paper, peas, radish, mung beans and other seeds can be sown at the bottom of the pan. In addition, a layer of 1.5 cm thick perlite was laid on the paved paper. Perlite must be filled with water in advance and stirred to remove excess water. When all the seeds are sown, it is required to sow seeds evenly to make the shoots grow neatly. The seeding rate depends on the variety. 3. After germination has been sown, the seedlings are piled together and placed on a flat surface to accumulate the plates. When germination, the height of the seedlings and the stacking height of the seedlings shall not exceed 100 cm, and a space of 2-3 cm shall be provided between each turn for ventilation. The germination room temperature was maintained at 20-25°C. Citrons are more stringent and generally need to be kept at 20-22°C to increase the germination rate. In order to maintain a suitable air humidity, a wet burlap bag sheet, a black agricultural film, or a double-layer shade net is generally covered above the tray. Water is sprayed once a day during the pre-germination, and the amount of water should not be too large to avoid bad shoots. At the same time when spraying the water, the position of the seedling plate should be changed up and down so that the cultivation environment of the seedling plate is as uniform as possible to promote the neat growth of the sprouts. Under normal conditions, the germination can be completed in about 4 days. IV. Cultivation Management 1. Lighting management To ensure that the sprouts in the dark, high-humidity environment of the stacked trays safely transit to the cultivation environment, they should be placed in a low-temperature, relatively stable, low-light area for a day before moving to the cultivation room. To avoid the occurrence of "bud dry" and other hazards. In the production of green products, seedlings should be placed in areas with strong sunlight for 2-3 days prior to the launch of the shoots, so that the shoots will turn green better, but after entering the period from June to August, it is especially Solar greenhouses and other facilities as a production site, in order to avoid excessive light, must be covered in shade outside the shade net, so that the light is moderate. 2, temperature management Sprouts required after the release of the temperature should be based on different types, different growth periods were managed. If several kinds of sprouts are grown at the same production site, the indoor temperature should not be lower than 16°C at night and not higher than 25°C during the day. 3. Ventilation management Ventilation is one of the important measures to regulate the temperature and humidity of the cultivation room. Ventilation can keep the cultivation room air fresh and reduce the relative humidity of the air, which will help reduce the germination of seed buds and avoid the loss of air carbon dioxide. Therefore, in the case that the indoor temperature can be guaranteed, ventilation should be performed 1-2 times per day, even when the indoor temperature is low, ventilation should be performed for a short period of time. 4. Water management As the cultivation of sprouts adopts the cultivation technique of seedling tray which is different from general soilless cultivation, and the sprout itself is fresh and juicy, it is necessary to use “small water ground pouring†and the spray is sprayed 3 times a day in winter. Spray 4 times a day in summer. The watering should be uniform, first poured on the upper layer, then poured into layers. After the watering amount, the matrix in the seedling tray is moistened, and a few drops in the seedling tray are suitable. In addition, it should also be noted that the amount of water in the early growth period should be less, slightly larger in the middle and late growth period, the amount of water in the rainy and cold weather should be less, and the sunny and hot weather should be slightly larger. When the relative humidity of the indoor air is relatively high, the amount of water should be less, and vice versa. Harvesting and sales of products Under normal cultivation and management conditions, generally pea seedlings can be harvested 8-9 days after sowing. The height of the seedlings is about 15 cm at the time of harvest, and the top leaflets have been unfolded. When cutting, the tips are 7-9 cm, each dish Can produce 350-500 grams. The radish seedlings can be harvested 507 days after sowing. The seedlings are 6-10 cm high when harvested, and the cotyledons are expanded and fully enlarged. When the food is consumed, the roots are cut to produce 400-500 grams per plate. Seedlings after seed soaking, can be harvested from about 18 days from the germination, and the seedlings are 7-10 cm tall at harvest. The cotyledons are flat and full of hypertrophy, and the leaflets have not grown yet. They can be chopped or rooted when eaten. Each plate can produce 400-500 grams. China Agricultural Network Editor
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