Most aquaculture animals are hypothermic animals, and changes in water temperature directly affect their survival, growth, metabolism, gonadal development and egg hatching, and also affect the metabolism of food organisms. Aquaculture farmers must understand the requirements of the water temperature of the breeding object, which is very important for the selection of cultured species, introduction of new varieties, and breeding and management of breeding. Here are the main requirements for water temperature of the main breeding aquaculture animals:
Freshwater white quail survival water temperature 10 °C ~ 42 °C, growth water temperature 12 °C ~ 35 °C, optimum water temperature 28 °C ~ 30 °C, below 10 °C abnormal reactions occur, 8 °C part of the death, 7 °C all died, the best spawning Water temperature 25 °C ~ 28 °C.
The tilapia living water temperature is 14°C to 38°C, the optimum water temperature is 24°C to 35°C, and 9°C is the lethal water temperature. When it is above 20°C, it begins to multiply.
The suitable temperature for growth of leather beard is 18°C～32°C, the optimum water temperature is 22°C～32°C, the food intake below 15°C is reduced and the growth is slow. When the water temperature drops to the critical 7°C, it will freeze to death, and the breeding water temperature is above 18°C. Suitable for 24 °C ~ 30 °C.
Largemouth larvae, living water temperature 0°C～38°C, optimum growth water temperature 25°C～28°C, spawning water temperature 18°C～26°C, optimal water temperature 20°C～23°C, water temperature at 22°C～23°C, 50 hours～60 Hatch hatchlings.
There is no natural distribution of seawater temperature below 11°C in winter, and the minimum living water temperature is 11°C～13°C. Suitable growth water temperature 15 °C ~ 30 °C, the optimum water temperature 22 °C ~ 25.4 °C, reproductive water temperature 24 °C ~ 28 °C.
The water temperature fish of Wuyi, the survival temperature of 0 °C ~ 41 °C, the optimum growth of water temperature 16 °C ~ 30 °C, reproductive water temperature 18 °C ~ 30 °C.
Water temperature fish of California carp, survival water temperature 2 °C ~ 34 °C, growth optimum water temperature 12 °C ~ 30 °C, breeding optimum water temperature 22 °C ~ 25 °C.
The growth temperature of carp was 7°C～32°C, and 7°C began to feed. The most vigorous water temperature was 18°C～25°C, and the optimum water temperature was 21°C～24°C.
Fish back to the fish (spot fish) Water temperature 0 °C ~ 36 °C, growth water temperature 5 °C ~ 36.5 °C, the optimum water temperature 18 °C ~ 34 °C, spawning water temperature 18.5 °C ~ 30 °C, the optimum water temperature 23 °C ~ 28 °C.
The optimal water temperature for the growth of Astragalus is 23°C～25°C. When the water temperature drops to 10°C, the drilling mud hibernates. When the water temperature is higher than 30°C, feeding is stopped and the breeding water temperature is 23°C～26°C.
Mud growth water temperature 15 °C ~ 30 °C, 15 °C above the start of feeding, 25 °C ~ 27 °C feeding the most prosperous, 30 °C above the food intake decreased reproductive water temperature 23 °C ~ 26 °C.
The optimal water temperature for growth of shrimp is 18°C～30°C, mating begins at 18°C, spawning between 7 days and 25 days at 20°C～25°C, hatching at 25°C～28°C for 14 days to 15 days.
The optimal growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was 25°C～30°C. The activity was weakened at 18°C, and the reaction was unresponsive at 16°C～17°C. The lower limit of the minimum water temperature was 14°C (ice died), the maximum water temperature was 35°C, and the water temperature was controlled at 25°C. When the eggs can be laid all year round, the incubation temperature 25 °C ~ 32 °C, the optimum temperature 26 °C ~ 28 °C, broodstock winter water temperature 20 °C ~ 22 °C.
The winter temperature for Penaeus vannamei broodstock was 27°C, the temperature for broodstock culture was 24°C～26°C, and no larvae, zoea, prawn cultured at appropriate temperature 26°C～30°C. The growth of prawn to shrimp was moderate. 28 °C or so.
The optimal growth temperature of crabs was 18°C～30°C, and a small amount of 15°C fashion feeds. The water temperature was lower than 10°C and the metabolic function was weakened. The mating water temperature was 7°C～10°C. The optimum water temperature was 19°C～25°C for the juvenile and big eye larvae. .
Turtle water temperature below 10 °C hibernation, 15 °C began feeding, the optimum growth temperature of 23 °C ~ 31 °C, incubation temperature of 24 °C ~ 28 °C, this temperature needs to extend the February to March to hatch hatchlings, constant temperature 30 °C It can shorten the incubation period.
The growth water temperature was 20°C～33°C, the optimum water temperature was 26°C～30°C, the feeding was reduced below 20°C, the food was kept below 15°C, hibernation was observed at 10°C, the feeding was weakened above 33°C, mating was observed at 20°C, and mating was conducted within half a month after mating. Eggs, incubation temperature 26 °C ~ 36 °C, incubation temperature of 36,000 °C.
Bullfrog 20 °C ~ 30 °C most ingested food, 14 °C ~ 20 °C feeding decreased, stopped feeding below 14 °C, 10 °C hibernation, began to lay eggs above 20 °C, the optimum reproduction temperature 24 °C ~ 28 °C.
The American frog hibernates below 0°C, starts feeding at 6°C, grows at an optimal temperature of 18°C ​​to 32°C, and spawns at an incubation temperature of 24°C to 28°C.
Snails sleep below 8°C, suitable for growing water temperature 24°C～34°C.
Freshwater white quail survival water temperature 10 °C ~ 42 °C, growth water temperature 12 °C ~ 35 °C, optimum water temperature 28 °C ~ 30 °C, below 10 °C abnormal reactions occur, 8 °C part of the death, 7 °C all died, the best spawning Water temperature 25 °C ~ 28 °C.
The tilapia living water temperature is 14°C to 38°C, the optimum water temperature is 24°C to 35°C, and 9°C is the lethal water temperature. When it is above 20°C, it begins to multiply.
The suitable temperature for growth of leather beard is 18°C～32°C, the optimum water temperature is 22°C～32°C, the food intake below 15°C is reduced and the growth is slow. When the water temperature drops to the critical 7°C, it will freeze to death, and the breeding water temperature is above 18°C. Suitable for 24 °C ~ 30 °C.
Largemouth larvae, living water temperature 0°C～38°C, optimum growth water temperature 25°C～28°C, spawning water temperature 18°C～26°C, optimal water temperature 20°C～23°C, water temperature at 22°C～23°C, 50 hours～60 Hatch hatchlings.
There is no natural distribution of seawater temperature below 11°C in winter, and the minimum living water temperature is 11°C～13°C. Suitable growth water temperature 15 °C ~ 30 °C, the optimum water temperature 22 °C ~ 25.4 °C, reproductive water temperature 24 °C ~ 28 °C.
The water temperature fish of Wuyi, the survival temperature of 0 °C ~ 41 °C, the optimum growth of water temperature 16 °C ~ 30 °C, reproductive water temperature 18 °C ~ 30 °C.
Water temperature fish of California carp, survival water temperature 2 °C ~ 34 °C, growth optimum water temperature 12 °C ~ 30 °C, breeding optimum water temperature 22 °C ~ 25 °C.
The growth temperature of carp was 7°C～32°C, and 7°C began to feed. The most vigorous water temperature was 18°C～25°C, and the optimum water temperature was 21°C～24°C.
Fish back to the fish (spot fish) Water temperature 0 °C ~ 36 °C, growth water temperature 5 °C ~ 36.5 °C, the optimum water temperature 18 °C ~ 34 °C, spawning water temperature 18.5 °C ~ 30 °C, the optimum water temperature 23 °C ~ 28 °C.
The optimal water temperature for the growth of Astragalus is 23°C～25°C. When the water temperature drops to 10°C, the drilling mud hibernates. When the water temperature is higher than 30°C, feeding is stopped and the breeding water temperature is 23°C～26°C.
Mud growth water temperature 15 °C ~ 30 °C, 15 °C above the start of feeding, 25 °C ~ 27 °C feeding the most prosperous, 30 °C above the food intake decreased reproductive water temperature 23 °C ~ 26 °C.
The optimal water temperature for growth of shrimp is 18°C～30°C, mating begins at 18°C, spawning between 7 days and 25 days at 20°C～25°C, hatching at 25°C～28°C for 14 days to 15 days.
The optimal growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was 25°C～30°C. The activity was weakened at 18°C, and the reaction was unresponsive at 16°C～17°C. The lower limit of the minimum water temperature was 14°C (ice died), the maximum water temperature was 35°C, and the water temperature was controlled at 25°C. When the eggs can be laid all year round, the incubation temperature 25 °C ~ 32 °C, the optimum temperature 26 °C ~ 28 °C, broodstock winter water temperature 20 °C ~ 22 °C.
The winter temperature for Penaeus vannamei broodstock was 27°C, the temperature for broodstock culture was 24°C～26°C, and no larvae, zoea, prawn cultured at appropriate temperature 26°C～30°C. The growth of prawn to shrimp was moderate. 28 °C or so.
The optimal growth temperature of crabs was 18°C～30°C, and a small amount of 15°C fashion feeds. The water temperature was lower than 10°C and the metabolic function was weakened. The mating water temperature was 7°C～10°C. The optimum water temperature was 19°C～25°C for the juvenile and big eye larvae. .
Turtle water temperature below 10 °C hibernation, 15 °C began feeding, the optimum growth temperature of 23 °C ~ 31 °C, incubation temperature of 24 °C ~ 28 °C, this temperature needs to extend the February to March to hatch hatchlings, constant temperature 30 °C It can shorten the incubation period.
The growth water temperature was 20°C～33°C, the optimum water temperature was 26°C～30°C, the feeding was reduced below 20°C, the food was kept below 15°C, hibernation was observed at 10°C, the feeding was weakened above 33°C, mating was observed at 20°C, and mating was conducted within half a month after mating. Eggs, incubation temperature 26 °C ~ 36 °C, incubation temperature of 36,000 °C.
Bullfrog 20 °C ~ 30 °C most ingested food, 14 °C ~ 20 °C feeding decreased, stopped feeding below 14 °C, 10 °C hibernation, began to lay eggs above 20 °C, the optimum reproduction temperature 24 °C ~ 28 °C.
The American frog hibernates below 0°C, starts feeding at 6°C, grows at an optimal temperature of 18°C ​​to 32°C, and spawns at an incubation temperature of 24°C to 28°C.
Snails sleep below 8°C, suitable for growing water temperature 24°C～34°C.
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