1 Strictly sterilize and use dry winter pond fishing machines in clear ponds, do a good job of clearing and disinfecting ponds, remove silt, reinforce ponds, transform fish ponds, and fully expose the sun and dry freezes to accelerate organic mineralization and decomposition. At the same time, use drugs to disinfect to kill pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs. Ten to 15 days before stocking, each 667M2 water depth is 1m or 10cm, and is disinfected with quicklime 150kg or 75kg water.
2 Disinfection of fish bodies Strictly sterilize the fish species when they are stocked, so that the fish species do not contain pathogens or parasites into the pond. 30-50g/L salt water, or 8g/m3 copper sulfate, or 15g/m3 potassium permanganate, or 20-30g/L salt + 1g/m3 trichlorfon + 8g/m3 copper sulfate mixture, or 20g /m3 furazolidone, soaked in fish, the specific soaking time depending on the water temperature, drug concentration, fish species may be determined. It is best to stock grass carp for inactivated vaccine for grass carp by "three diseases" inactivated vaccine.
3 to grasp the law of the occurrence of fish disease has a certain rule, the main bacterial fish disease in spring, mainly in summer parasitism, mainly in fulminant fish disease in autumn, and in winter and spring, mainly bacterial fish disease. According to the season of fish disease and the status of pathogenic microorganisms, antibacterial drugs and insecticides should be used interchangeably. Food, feed, tools, spill prevention, early prevention of disease, early disease-free treatment.
4 Correct diagnosis of etiological fish diseases can be diagnosed by naked eye or microscope, find pathogens based on typical symptoms, and use correct medications. In case of mixed bacterial or parasitic diseases, sterilization and pesticides can be used alternately.
5 improve the method of administration of oral administration for external use, internal and external use of drugs have different effects. Oral drugs have a good effect on diseases in the body, and topical drugs can treat skin diseases and parasitic diseases. Bacterial diseases are suitable for combination of internal use and external use, and parasites are suitable for topical drugs. 2 Chinese and Western medicines are used together. Chinese herbs combined with chemical drugs or pesticides can improve the efficacy and complement each other. Such as the control of grass carp bacterial gills, enteritis, red skin, "three diseases", every 50kg of fish available rhubarb soda 8g, furacillin 4g, sulfaguanidine 8g crush feed, feeding 3d; also used in conjunction with 1g/m3 bleach Sprinkle, use 2d, have a good effect.
6 Note that the combination of contraindications can increase the efficacy and improve the therapeutic effect. However, if the compatibility is not properly formulated, physical or chemical reactions will occur, which will reduce the efficacy or failure, and even cause side effects. The incompatibility of common drugs: If lime is used all over, sprinkle with trichlorfon, it will produce highly toxic dichlorvos, resulting in fish poisoning; using dimethoate, methamidophos, bleaching powder, salt mixture, not only unsafe preparation, but also The effect is not good; sulfa drugs cannot be mixed with acidic liquids or alkaloids; phlegm-feeding drugs cannot be mixed with alkaline drugs.
7 Proper use of antibacterial drugs When used improperly, antibacterial drugs kill pathogenic organisms while also inhibiting the survival of beneficial microorganisms. Due to the destruction of beneficial microflora in the microecological balance, the ability of the fish to resist pathogenic bacteria is weakened. At the same time, the abuse of antibiotics has increased the resistance of pathogens to drugs, and the amount of pesticides has become larger and more inefficient. Therefore, in the treatment of fish diseases, antibacterial drugs that are specific to pathogenic bacteria should be used in a targeted manner, instead of blindly adopting broad-spectrum antibacterial agents that are capable of killing non-pathogenic bacteria. Injures the beneficial microbial flora in the fish.
8 Focusing on the occurrence and prevalence of fish diseases in ecology and disease prevention is closely related to the ecological environment. Therefore, ecological disease prevention is an important part of fish disease prevention and control. 1 The optimum water temperature for timely stocking of fingerlings is 8-15°C, so it is advisable that the fingerlings be stocked in winter (or before and after Spring Festival). At this time, the operation and transportation of the fingerlings are more convenient, the mechanical damage is small, and the probability of catching fish diseases is low, which can reduce the occurrence of fish diseases. 2 The practice of polyculture in scientific polyculture In fact, the polyculture in fact has sparse the density of disease-prone fish in the same water body. At the same time, the diversity of the niches occupied by various cultured species during polyculture has a positive effect on the reduction of fish diseases. 3 Optimizing the breeding environment Fish are affected by many factors, both their own and environmental factors. Therefore, improving environmental conditions is the key to prevention and treatment of fish diseases. First of all, the water quality should be improved. In the breeding process, new water must be frequently added to dilute the harmful metabolites in the aquaculture water, improve the ecological environment, and increase the resistance to disease. Intensive ponds should be equipped with aerators that can be turned on for oxygen at any time to reduce the loss of trapped oxygen-depleted ponds. Second, science breeding. Do a reasonable fertilization, scientific feeding. Fertilizers are applied according to water quality, weather, and fish activity. Organic fertilizers are the main factors in the low-temperature season, and inorganic fertilizers are the main factors in the high-temperature season to maintain the quality of water, fertilizer, live, cool, and tender; adhere to timing, quality, positioning, and quantitative feeding. Method, a small number of times, so that the fish eat well. Third, reduce the stress response. Excessive stress or prolonged stress can cause energy tears in the cultured animals and reduce the body's resistance.
2 Disinfection of fish bodies Strictly sterilize the fish species when they are stocked, so that the fish species do not contain pathogens or parasites into the pond. 30-50g/L salt water, or 8g/m3 copper sulfate, or 15g/m3 potassium permanganate, or 20-30g/L salt + 1g/m3 trichlorfon + 8g/m3 copper sulfate mixture, or 20g /m3 furazolidone, soaked in fish, the specific soaking time depending on the water temperature, drug concentration, fish species may be determined. It is best to stock grass carp for inactivated vaccine for grass carp by "three diseases" inactivated vaccine.
3 to grasp the law of the occurrence of fish disease has a certain rule, the main bacterial fish disease in spring, mainly in summer parasitism, mainly in fulminant fish disease in autumn, and in winter and spring, mainly bacterial fish disease. According to the season of fish disease and the status of pathogenic microorganisms, antibacterial drugs and insecticides should be used interchangeably. Food, feed, tools, spill prevention, early prevention of disease, early disease-free treatment.
4 Correct diagnosis of etiological fish diseases can be diagnosed by naked eye or microscope, find pathogens based on typical symptoms, and use correct medications. In case of mixed bacterial or parasitic diseases, sterilization and pesticides can be used alternately.
5 improve the method of administration of oral administration for external use, internal and external use of drugs have different effects. Oral drugs have a good effect on diseases in the body, and topical drugs can treat skin diseases and parasitic diseases. Bacterial diseases are suitable for combination of internal use and external use, and parasites are suitable for topical drugs. 2 Chinese and Western medicines are used together. Chinese herbs combined with chemical drugs or pesticides can improve the efficacy and complement each other. Such as the control of grass carp bacterial gills, enteritis, red skin, "three diseases", every 50kg of fish available rhubarb soda 8g, furacillin 4g, sulfaguanidine 8g crush feed, feeding 3d; also used in conjunction with 1g/m3 bleach Sprinkle, use 2d, have a good effect.
6 Note that the combination of contraindications can increase the efficacy and improve the therapeutic effect. However, if the compatibility is not properly formulated, physical or chemical reactions will occur, which will reduce the efficacy or failure, and even cause side effects. The incompatibility of common drugs: If lime is used all over, sprinkle with trichlorfon, it will produce highly toxic dichlorvos, resulting in fish poisoning; using dimethoate, methamidophos, bleaching powder, salt mixture, not only unsafe preparation, but also The effect is not good; sulfa drugs cannot be mixed with acidic liquids or alkaloids; phlegm-feeding drugs cannot be mixed with alkaline drugs.
7 Proper use of antibacterial drugs When used improperly, antibacterial drugs kill pathogenic organisms while also inhibiting the survival of beneficial microorganisms. Due to the destruction of beneficial microflora in the microecological balance, the ability of the fish to resist pathogenic bacteria is weakened. At the same time, the abuse of antibiotics has increased the resistance of pathogens to drugs, and the amount of pesticides has become larger and more inefficient. Therefore, in the treatment of fish diseases, antibacterial drugs that are specific to pathogenic bacteria should be used in a targeted manner, instead of blindly adopting broad-spectrum antibacterial agents that are capable of killing non-pathogenic bacteria. Injures the beneficial microbial flora in the fish.
8 Focusing on the occurrence and prevalence of fish diseases in ecology and disease prevention is closely related to the ecological environment. Therefore, ecological disease prevention is an important part of fish disease prevention and control. 1 The optimum water temperature for timely stocking of fingerlings is 8-15°C, so it is advisable that the fingerlings be stocked in winter (or before and after Spring Festival). At this time, the operation and transportation of the fingerlings are more convenient, the mechanical damage is small, and the probability of catching fish diseases is low, which can reduce the occurrence of fish diseases. 2 The practice of polyculture in scientific polyculture In fact, the polyculture in fact has sparse the density of disease-prone fish in the same water body. At the same time, the diversity of the niches occupied by various cultured species during polyculture has a positive effect on the reduction of fish diseases. 3 Optimizing the breeding environment Fish are affected by many factors, both their own and environmental factors. Therefore, improving environmental conditions is the key to prevention and treatment of fish diseases. First of all, the water quality should be improved. In the breeding process, new water must be frequently added to dilute the harmful metabolites in the aquaculture water, improve the ecological environment, and increase the resistance to disease. Intensive ponds should be equipped with aerators that can be turned on for oxygen at any time to reduce the loss of trapped oxygen-depleted ponds. Second, science breeding. Do a reasonable fertilization, scientific feeding. Fertilizers are applied according to water quality, weather, and fish activity. Organic fertilizers are the main factors in the low-temperature season, and inorganic fertilizers are the main factors in the high-temperature season to maintain the quality of water, fertilizer, live, cool, and tender; adhere to timing, quality, positioning, and quantitative feeding. Method, a small number of times, so that the fish eat well. Third, reduce the stress response. Excessive stress or prolonged stress can cause energy tears in the cultured animals and reduce the body's resistance.
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