Ladder locusts are widespread throughout China's major litchi production areas, and India, Thailand, and South Africa also have distributions. The larvae can be harmed during the entire fruiting period after the second physiological fruiting of the litchi, often resulting in a large number of fruit drop or “fungus†(Fig. 1 larvae in the feces of the fruit pedicle), which seriously affect the yield and quality; New shoots, spikes, midribs (Fig. 2 Damaged shoots). The same long-term harm. Cocoa moths or moths have long been misnamed in the past and should be revised. Morphological characteristics Adult body length 4-5 mm, wingspan 9-11 mm, antennae is about 1.5 times the body length. The 2/3 base of the fore wing is grayish black with yellowish orange at the end. In the middle of the wing, there is a set of “W†patterns consisting of five white lines. The two wings form a clear “爻†pattern, which is the most obvious feature of the adult. (Figure 3 adults). Egg oval, flat, long diameter 0.3-0.4 mm, egg shell slightly irregular and irregular reticular pattern. The mature larvae are cylindrical, yellow-white, 8-9 mm long, with only 4 pairs of gastropods, and the hip plate triangle (Fig. 4 larvae) is about 7 mm long. It is pale green at first, then turned brownish, and the antennae are longer than Carcass with a triangular protuberance on top of the head. Diaphragm-like diaphragms (Fig. 5 Blade surfaces). Life history and main habits: Laizhidi locusts are overlapped in generations from 10 to 11 generations per year in the vicinity of Guangzhou, and are mainly wintered by larvae at the top of the winter shoots of litchi or the cobs of early maturing varieties. Overwintering adults emerged from the end of March to the beginning of April, spawning 2-5 days after copulation, spawning eggs, with obvious fruiting and tenderness, egg period 2-6 days. The larvae hatch into the host directly from the bottom of the egg shell. During the entire feeding period, they are in the tunnel, and the insect feces remain in the tunnel. The larvae that injure the lychee fruit begin to invade into the nucleus of the young fruit after the second physiological fruit drop (ie, the nucleus changes from liquid to solid state), resulting in a large number of fruit drop; when jeopardizing the fruit of near maturity, the larvae in the fruit pedicle and the fruit nucleus Injurious to eat, although there are many victims of the fruit does not fall, but in between the fruit pedicle and the handle is full of brown and black powder insects, commonly known as "fermented fruit", unbearable. During the larval period 8-11 days, the mature larvae were mainly defoliated and phlegm in dense leafy knots after de-fruiting, and there were also a few silky fallen leaves that fell on the ground. The flood season is about 7 days. Adult stage 8-10 days. The locust infestation is closely related to the maturity of litchi varieties and fruits. Early maturing varieties suffer the earliest, medium and late maturing species suffer the heaviest damage, and the closer the fruits are to mature, the more severe the damage will be. The prevention and control methods implement agricultural prevention and control bases, chemical control and protection of fruits, and usually pay attention to the strategy of protecting natural enemies. (1) Control winter shoots and press down the base number of overwintering insects. Diligently clear litter and fruit on the ground and reduce the number of insects in the field. (2) Combine high-yield cultivation with proper pruning to make the orchard airy and light. (3) Conduct pest forecasting and timely spraying and protecting fruit. After Litchi was put on fruit, according to field observations, it was sprayed at the beginning of adult emergence (that is, the emergence rate was increased to 20%), and sprayed again every 5 days. It is important to eliminate the pests before the adults are spawned. Highly effective drugs for leechee locusts are 25% quetiapine emulsion or 40.7% Loxan emulsion 1000 times, 10% Xingmianbao emulsion 1500 times, and diflubenzuron 1000 times. For the prevention and treatment of litchi lice, the first use of 18% insecticidal double water agent 500 times mixed 90% crystal trichlorfon 800 times; the second time with Xingmianbao 1500 times liquid spray, you can get significant protection effect . It needs to be pointed out that during the non-fruiting of litchi, the number of locust locust populations in the field is generally low, so it is not appropriate to spray medicine, let its natural predators be a variety of parasitic bees to pick them up.
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