1 Sexually mature female deer 1.5 years of age are mature, individual development can participate in mating in the year, reproductive ability is very strong, the general reproductive life of up to 14 years. The stag is mature at 2.5 years old and can participate in breeding at the age of 3. In Harbin, the life of reindeer can reach 20 years old. 2 The estrus reindeer estrus period is from mid-September to mid-November each year, and the peak period is mid-October. In this period, the Bucks were fierce and abnormal, often fighting for a spouse, and attacked people actively. At the same time, they showed that the neck was obviously thickened. They chased the female deer all day and sniffed their genitals. They often called squeaks and urination. In addition to increased drinking water, few eat. After the mating period, the Bucks are very thin. Female deer estrus performance is not very obvious, vulva slightly edema, a small amount of mucus, active proximity to the stag, feeding changes are not obvious, female deer estrus after 13 to 22 days higher pregnancy rate, estrus upsurge lasted 2 to 4 days. 3 The mating of reindeer should be selected as healthy male bucks, using a male and female method. Reindeer mate mostly in the early morning or evening, when the environment is quiet and the weather is cool, the mating duration is about 20 seconds, and the number of matings per day is variable. During the breeding period, some apples and vitamin E should be fed properly to increase the pregnancy rate. 4 Pregnancy and farrowing 4.1 The pregnancy reindeer gestation period is 225 to 240 days. In pre-pregnancy, the female deer did not show significant changes in their feeding status, and during the later period of pregnancy, the intake of food was increased, gradually became obese, the coat was bright, and the temperament was mild and quiet. During pregnancy, attention should be paid to vitamins and minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus supplements and their proportions. In addition, be careful not to scare and avoid catching animals as much as possible to avoid miscarriage. 4.2 The littering reindeer usually have a litter at the beginning of May to June, and most of them are 1 and 2 are rarely seen. The abdominal circumference was significantly increased in the first month of life, and the breasts were slightly swollen. One week before delivery, the female deer liked to walk quietly or slowly. The vulva was slightly edematous, and a small amount of mucus flowed out. The breasts were swollen and the nipples were prominent. 1 to 2 days before childbirth, like lying in the house, appetite decreased, sometimes irritability, frequently raised. Doe is mostly in a standing position during childbirth, and sometimes lying and lying, mostly at midnight or in the wee hours. First, the forefoot of the deer is pulled out first, then the head and finally all the output. The whole process takes 1 to 2 hours. Deer females sometimes take a little longer. After the delivery, the deer cubs were required to feed after 10 minutes. After 40 to 90 minutes, the placenta falls off and is usually eaten by the female deer. The young deer are fine and soft after birth, brown, no coarse hair. 5 After the deer are born, the deer can stand up to about 20 minutes in the deer's cockroach and can eat colostrum in about 2 hours. Postpartum female deer, if the milk is insufficient, can be fed to the deer's lactation tablet to increase the amount of lactation, which is twice the human dose. Some female deer head mothers are not strong, do not feed the deer, you can catch the female deer, forcibly deer to suckle, after a few times can generally breast-feed themselves, but should pay attention to promptly make the deer eat colostrum. About half a month after birth, the deer can scribble and play with grass. After 1 month, they can eat a small amount of grass. There are horn marks on the head of the young deer after birth. After 7 days, the antler grows. The 1-month-old horn is 5-10cm long, and the 2-month old grows to 10-20cm. When it is 4 months old, the hairs fall off into dry horns. Results and Discussion 1 The reindeer is a near-Arctic animal, hardy and cold. Therefore, in the zoo, it is necessary to create a good living environment for it. In the summer, it is necessary to cool the water or build a bathing pool. 2 The reindeer should be fed from the wild to the captivity. The balance of absorption and metabolism of the reindeer should be met as far as possible, and full-priced feeds should be properly added. Different periods of time adjust feed for different individuals. 3 In the estrus breeding period, the stag's horns must be sawn off so as not to cause animal and human casualties. The estrus period of reindeer is from mid-September to mid-October each year. The female deer sex cycle is 13-22 days. The estrus climax lasts 2 to 4 days, the gestation period is 225-240 days, and the lactation period is 165-180 days. 4 The breeding of reindeer uses a male and female manner. A healthy deer can form a breeding colony with more than 10 female deers. China Agricultural Network Editor
Prettyfly Technology Co., Ltd. , http://www.prettyflytea.com