There are many kinds of vegetables, different biological characteristics, and different nutritional requirements, so different types of vegetables should adopt different methods of fertilization. First, the growth characteristics of vegetables and fertilization methods 1. Vegetables are generally short-term nutritional crops, can be repeated broadcast more. Many kinds of vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish, melon, cucumber and other mu produce often exceed 5,000 kilograms, which requires a large amount of fertilizer. Some fast-growing vegetables such as cabbage, radishes, leeks, etc., due to a short growing period, the nutrients absorbed per unit time are much longer than those with longer growing period and higher yield. Therefore, more fertilizer should be applied during cultivation. 2. The absorption of soil nutrients by vegetables depends largely on the development of the root system. The roots are generally deep and broad, with many roots, vegetables with root hairs (such as pumpkins, wax gourds, etc.), and vegetables with larger roots (such as beets, carrots, eggplants, etc.) that can absorb more nutrients and can be innocuous. Growing on the soil, fertilization can be more extensive; and poor root development, shallow distribution, poor absorption of nutrients such as cucumbers, onions, lettuce, etc., must be cultivated in fertile soil, and to fine fertilizer. 3. The requirements for soil nutrient conditions in different growth stages of vegetables are different. Roots of seedling stage are not yet developed, and the amount of nutrients absorbed is not too large, but the requirements are very high. Some thin and quick available fertilizers should be applied properly. During the vegetative growth period and the result period, a large amount of nutrients is absorbed. Sufficient fertilizer must be supplied, and fertilizers are usually applied in stages. Alternating inorganic fertilizers, complete N, P and K fertilization, and combination of fertilization and irrigation to give full play to the increase in fertilizer production. 4. According to the characteristics of fast growing vegetables, weak roots, and high yield, organic fertilizers should be used in conjunction with chemical fertilizers. Because organic fertilizers not only provide a variety of nutrients for vegetables, but also with the decomposition of organic fertilizers, it helps improve quality and improve quality. Second, the classification of different vegetables fertilization technology 1. Leaf vegetables. Mainly cabbage, green vegetables, spinach, leeks and so on. Nitrogen fertilizers are the main nitrogen fertilizers for leafy vegetables, but phosphorus fertilizers and potassium fertilizers must be added at the same time when nitrogen fertilizers are used during the growth period. If you cultivate cabbage, seize the second fertilization that begins to enter the rosette stage and before the package is the key to high yield. For example, if the supply of nitrogen is insufficient during the whole growing season, the plants are dwarf and the tissues are rough. In the spring, the cultivated leafy vegetables are also easy to twitch early. In the late period, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers of the cabbage leafy vegetables are insufficient, and it is often difficult to make the ball. 2. Fruit vegetables. Including melons, solanaceous fruits, and legumes, edible parts are all reproductive organs. Generally, seedlings need more nitrogen, but excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers can lead to leggy, but instead prolong flowering and fruition, increase flowering and fruit drop, and enter reproductive growth period. Demand for phosphorus increased sharply, but the amount of nitrogen needed was slightly reduced. Therefore, it was necessary to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and after cucumbers and fruit set, heavy fertilization should be applied. Afterwards, each batch of melon should be supplemented with fertilizer and water. 3. Root vegetables. There are radish, carrots, turnips, etc. The edible portion is a fleshy root. In the early stage of growth, nitrogen is mainly supplied to promote the formation of large green leaves. In the middle and late stages of growth (the period of growth of fleshy roots), more potassium fertilizer should be applied, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be appropriately controlled to promote the transport of assimilated substances from the leaves to the roots so as to form a strong fleshy mass. Straight roots, if there is too much nitrogenous fertilizer and insufficient potassium fertilizer in the later period, it will make the ground part slightly longer, the rhizome will be smaller, the yield will decline, and the quality will be deteriorated. Third, the facilities and cultivation of organic fertilizer greenhouses and other protective areas of vegetables, compared with the amount of fertilizer on the open area of ​​the vegetable area is much larger, and no rain due to leaching, resulting in most of the remaining fertilizer in the soil, the soil solution concentration is too high, In order to prevent the roots from absorbing or injuring the roots, it is necessary to fully consider the aftereffects of the front hoe fertilizers, apply more organic fertilizers, apply less fertilizer, and avoid the damage to the crops caused by salt accumulation, so as to further develop the protection of vegetables. The advantages.
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